Magnification of Lenses


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Magnification of Lenses

Magnification

The image formed by a  curved lens can be bigger, smaller or of the same size as of the object . In case of plane mirror it is of the same size as that of the object i.e. magnification is unity.

Magnification of Lens:

If a thin object of linear size large h_{o} situated vertically on the axis of the lens at a distance from the optical center and its image of sizelarge h_{i}  is formed at a distance then magnification is defined as  the ratio of size of image and the size of the object.

large Magnification;(m)=frac{h_{i}}{h_{o}}

Magnification can also be related to the distance of the object and the image with respect to the optical centre of the lens. Let v denote the distance of the image from the optical centre of the lens and u denote the distance of the object from the optical centre of the lens , then

large Magnification;(m)=frac{v}{u}.

On combining both the formulas, we get

large Magnification;(m)=frac{h_{i}}{h_{o}}=frac{v}{u}.

    Note that m can be either positive or negative, depending on the nature of the image. If m is positive, large h_{o} and large h_{i} have the same sign. This means that the image is formed on the same side of the principal axis as the object. In other words, the image is erect. If m is negative, the image is inverted.

Magnitude of magnification of a mirror gives information about the size of the image relative to the object.

Magnification Size of Image large (h_{i})
    m = 1 large h_{i}=h_{o}
    m < 1 large h_{i}<h_{o}
    m > 1 large h_{i}>h_{o}

Where,    large h_{o} = height of object

              large h_{i} = height of image.

Sign of magnification by mirror or lens gives information about nature of the image produced.

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Sample Questions
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Question : 1

In the formula to calculate magnification of lenses v denote the distance of  _______________from the optical centre of the lens .

Right Option : A
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Explanation
Question : 2

If  large h_{o} represents height of object and large h_{i} represents height of image, then if magnification is less than 1. Identify the correct statement :

Right Option : A
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Explanation
Question : 3

Which of the following are correct ?

(a) Magnitude of magnification of a mirror gives information about the size of the image relative to the object. .

(b) Magnification is defined as  the ratio of size of image and the size of the object.

(c) Using the formula for magnification and the mirror formula other formulas for magnification can be derived .

Right Option : D
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Explanation
 
 
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